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#+TITLE: Estimating the end-to-end energy consumption of IoT devices along with their impact on Cloud and telecommunication infrastructures
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#+TITLE: Estimating the end-to-end energy consumption of low-bandwidth IoT applications for WiFi devices
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#+EXPORT_EXCLUDE_TAGS: noexport
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#+STARTUP: hideblocks
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@ -10,11 +10,11 @@
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#+LATEX_HEADER: \usepackage{graphicx}
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#+LATEX_HEADER: \usepackage{xcolor}
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#+LATEX_HEADER: \author{
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#+LATEX_HEADER: Loic Guegan\inst{1},
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#+LATEX_HEADER: Anne-Cécile Orgerie\inst{2},\\
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#+LATEX_HEADER: Loic Guegan and
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#+LATEX_HEADER: Anne-Cécile Orgerie\\
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#+LATEX_HEADER: }
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#+LATEX_HEADER: \institute{Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Rennes, France\\
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#+LATEX_HEADER: Emails: anne-cecile.orgerie@irisa.fr\inst{1}, loic.guegan@irisa.fr\inst{2}
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#+LATEX_HEADER: Emails: loic.guegan@irisa.fr, anne-cecile.orgerie@irisa.fr
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#+LATEX_HEADER: }
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@ -44,14 +44,15 @@ we propose an end-to-end energy consumption model for these devices.
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* Introduction
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In 2018, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) was estimated
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to absorb around 3% of the global energy consumption
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\cite{ShiftProject}. This consumption grows at a rate of 9% per year
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\cite{ShiftProject}. This alarming increase is explained by the fast
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emergence of numerous new applications and new ICT devices. These
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devices supply services for smart building, smart factories and smart
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cities for instance, allowing for optimized decisions. All these
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connected devices constitute the Internet of Things (IoT): connected
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devices with sensors producing data, actuators interacting with their
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environment and communication means.
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\cite{ShiftProject}. This consumption is estimated to grow at a rate
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of 9% per year \cite{ShiftProject}. This alarming growth is explained
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by the fast emergence of numerous new applications and new ICT
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devices. These devices supply services for smart building, smart
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factories and smart cities for instance, providing optimized decisions
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based on data produced by smart devices. All these connected devices
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constitute the Internet of Things (IoT): connected devices with
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sensors producing data, actuators interacting with their environment
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and communication means.
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This increase in number of devices implies an increase in the energy
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needed to manufacture and utilize all these devices. Yet, the overall energy
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@ -134,9 +135,46 @@ this work and presents future work.
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* Related Work
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#+LaTeX: \label{sec:sota}
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Smart industry \cite{Wang2016}
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** Energy consumption of IoT devices
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Smart apps and devices everywhere
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Smart industry \cite{Wang2016} : archi with sensing devices, cloud
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server, user applications and networks
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IoT archi : devices, gateways, fog and clouds \cite{Samie2016}
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Smart cities \cite{Ejaz2017}
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* Use-Case
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Smart building \cite{Minoli2017}
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home automation, smart agriculture, eHealth, logistics, smart grids
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product life-cycle energy management \cite{Tao2016}
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focusing on access network technologies \cite{Gray2015},
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improving device transmission \cite{Andres2017}
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modeling the energy consumption of WSN devices \cite{Martinez2015} or
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the WiFi transmission \cite{ns3-energywifi}
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on organizing wireless sensor communications to increase the network
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lifetime \cite{Wang2016}
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CO2 impact of IoT and fog computing architectures vs Cloud
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\cite{Sarkar2018}
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Fog archi to use more renewable energy \cite{li_end--end_2018} or
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reduce communication costs \cite{jalali_fog_2016}
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** Energy consumption of network and cloud infrastructures
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net models
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server models + VM sharing
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* Characterization of low-bandwidth IoT applications
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#+LaTeX: \label{sec:usec}
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@ -179,17 +217,17 @@ Smart cities \cite{Ejaz2017}
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\end{figure}
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#+END_EXPORT
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* System Model
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* Experimental setup
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#+LaTeX: \label{sec:model}
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The system model is divided in two parts. First, the IoT and the Network part are models through
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simulations. Then, the Cloud part is model using real servers connected to watt-meters. In this way,
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Our system model is divided in three parts. First, the IoT and the network parts are modeled through
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simulations. Then, the Cloud part is modeled using real servers connected to wattmeters. In this way,
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it is possible to evaluate the end-to-end energy consumption of the system.
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** IoT Part
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In the first place, the IoT part is composed of several sensors connected to an Access Point (AP)
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which forms a cell. This cell is model using the ns-3 network simulator. Consequently, we setup
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between 5 and 15 sensors connected to the AP using WIFI 5GHz 802.11n. The node are placed
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randomly in a rectangle of 400m2 around the AP which corresponds to a typical real use case. All
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which form a cell. This cell is evaluated using the ns-3 network simulator. Consequently, we setup
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between 5 and 15 sensors connected to the AP using WiFi 5GHz 802.11n. The node are placed
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randomly in a rectangle of $400m^2$ around the AP which corresponds to a typical real use case. All
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the cell nodes are setup with the default WIFI energy model provided by ns-3. The different
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energy values used by the energy model are provided on Table \ref{tab:wifi-energy}. These energy
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were extracted from previous work\cite{halperin_demystifying_nodate,li_end--end_2018} on
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2019-ICA3PP.pdf
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@ -2432,23 +2432,13 @@ pages={2818-2823},
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}
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@inproceedings{Samie:2016:ITE:2968456.2974004,
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@inproceedings{Samie2016,
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author = {Samie, Farzad and Bauer, Lars and Henkel, J\"{o}rg},
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title = {IoT Technologies for Embedded Computing: A Survey},
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booktitle = {IEEE/ACM/IFIP International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES)},
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year = {2016},
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}
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@ARTICLE{7785890,
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author={K. {Wang} and Y. {Wang} and Y. {Sun} and S. {Guo} and J. {Wu}},
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journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
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title={{Green Industrial Internet of Things Architecture: An Energy-Efficient Perspective}},
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year={2016},
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volume={54},
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number={12},
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pages={48-54},
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}
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@ARTICLE{Sarkar2018,
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author={S. {Sarkar} and S. {Chatterjee} and S. {Misra}},
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@ -2484,4 +2474,11 @@ month = Oct,
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howpublished = {https://theshiftproject.org/article/pour-une-sobriete-numerique-rapport-shift/}
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}
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@article{Tao2016,
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title = {{Internet of Things in product life-cycle energy management}},
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journal = "Journal of Industrial Information Integration",
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volume = "1",
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pages = "26 - 39",
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year = "2016",
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author = "Fei Tao and Yiwen Wang and Ying Zuo and Haidong Yang and Meng Zhang",
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}
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