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+;;;; Weighted Quick Union Algorithm With Path Compression
+;;;; This algorithm solve dynamic connectivity
+;;;; problem by providing a way to find if there
+;;;; is a path between two nodes in a dynamic graph.
+;;;; It is an improved version of the Quick Union algorithm
+;;;; by improving the way that the union-tree is constructed
+;;;; The algorithm try to reduce the deepness of the tree in
+;;;; order to optimize the find-root function
+;;;; The path compression is ensure by the find-root function
+;;;; IMPORTANT: find-root is now a destructive function ! Be aware...
+
+(in-package :com.lisp-algo.union-find)
+
+;;; Base functions
+
+(defun wqupc-create-network (n)
+ "Build a quick-find network using a multi-dimensional dynamic vector:\n
+1st dimension = the network\n 2nd dimension = each subtree node quantities"
+ (let ((network (make-array `(2 ,n) :initial-element 1)))
+ (dotimes (id n)
+ (setf (aref network 0 id) id))
+ network))
+
+(defun wqupc-find-root (network node)
+ "Find the root of a sub-tree in the network. This is a destructive version of find-root that
+include path compression"
+ (do ((id node value)
+ (value (aref network 0 node) (aref network 0 value)))
+ ((= id value) (progn (setf (aref network 0 node) id) ; Path compression
+ id))))
+
+(defun wqupc-union (network n1 n2)
+ "Connect to sub-tree together. union represent the union operation on the Quick Union algorithm"
+ (let ((new-network (copy-tree network))) ; Duplicate network
+ (let* ((n1-root (wqupc-find-root new-network n1))
+ (n2-root (wqupc-find-root new-network n2))
+ (n1-size (aref new-network 1 n1-root))
+ (n2-size (aref new-network 1 n2-root)))
+ (if (>= n1-size n2-size) ; Check which subtree is LARGER (not deeper)
+ (progn (setf (aref new-network 0 n2-root) (aref new-network 0 n1-root)) ; Modify the second node
+ (setf (aref new-network 1 n1-root) ; Update tree larger
+ (+ (aref new-network 1 n1-root) (aref new-network 1 n2-root))))
+ (progn (setf (aref new-network 0 n1-root) (aref new-network 0 n2-root)) ; Otherwise modify the first node
+ (setf (aref new-network 1 n2-root) ; Update tree larger
+ (+ (aref new-network 1 n2-root) (aref new-network 1 n1-root)))))
+ new-network)))
+
+
+;;; Macro definitions
+
+
+(defmacro wqupc-connected (network n1 n2)
+ "Return true if n1 and n2 are connected and nil otherwise. connection represent
+the find operation on the Quick Union algorithm"
+ `(= (wqupc-find-root ,network ,n1) (wqupc-find-root ,network ,n2)))
+
+(defmacro wqupc-nunion (network n1 n2)
+ "A destructive version of the union function."
+ `(setf ,network (wqupc-union ,network ,n1 ,n2)))
+
+